Genital herpes is primarily caused by the herpes simplex virus type 2, and in rare cases, herpes simplex virus type 1. It manifests as herpes lesions in the vulvar and genital regions and is a classic sexually transmitted disease. The source of infection is individuals with genital herpes, and this is the sole source of transmission.

Since the herpes simplex virus is neurotropic, it hides in the nerve roots. Additionally, due to the virus's tendency to mutate, the body's immune system and medications are unable to eradicate it completely. As a result, genital herpes cannot be completely cured. Therefore, after infection, outbreaks present as clusters of small blisters. Although the skin returns to normal after healing, the virus retreats back into the nerve roots and remains dormant. Then, during periods of stress, such as staying up late, high pressure, excessive alcohol consumption, or menstruation, it resurfaces, causing recurrent blister outbreaks. Some people experience outbreaks once every 1-2 years, some two to three times a year, others monthly, or even more frequently. If outbreaks occur more than six times a year, it is considered frequent genital herpes, which is also the primary target for long-term viral suppression therapy recommended in both domestic and international clinical guidelines.

To date, genital herpes cannot be cured, nor is there a vaccine available. Those who claim to be able to cure genital herpes are simply scamming patients for money. No dermatologist at a public hospital would dare make such bold promises to patients about a cure. It's important to recognize the scientific facts. We have encountered far too many cases of genital herpes where patients have traveled all over the country seeking treatment, spent vast amounts of money, and yet continue to suffer from the pain of genital herpes, enduring multiple torments in terms of time, physical health, finances, family, and mental well-being.

Although genital herpes cannot be cured, many people have gained experience with each outbreak. They may notice local burning, itching, or abnormal sensations, signaling an impending recurrence. In such cases, it's crucial to promptly start antiviral medications like acyclovir, famciclovir, or valacyclovir. This can significantly shorten the course of the disease, promote faster healing of the rash, reduce viral shedding, and lower the risk of transmission. Additionally, it's important to exercise more, avoid staying up late, maintain a positive mood, adjust one's mindset, and enhance immunity to minimize the recurrence of genital herpes.